Gastric sleeve surgery and other bariatric surgical methods offer effective and lasting solutions in the fight against obesity. However, the success of these surgeries is not limited to the day of the operation. Preparations made during the preoperative period are one of the key factors determining long-term success. In this article, we will discuss important topics such as preoperative dietary guidelines, psychological preparation, candidate criteria, and common mistakes.
Preparing for Bariatric Surgery: What Should Your Diet Be Like Before Surgery?
Before bariatric surgery, the body, especially the liver, must be prepared for surgery. Dietary changes during this period increase the safety of the surgery and facilitate the recovery process.
Why is a liquid diet important before obesity surgery?
A liquid diet is a critical preparatory phase that must be followed 1-2 weeks before surgery. The purpose of this diet is:
- Reducing liver size: Obese individuals often have fatty liver (hepatosteatosis). Reducing the size of the liver makes it easier for the surgeon to access the stomach and reduces the risk of complications.
- Resting the stomach: Emptying the stomach volume ensures a safer operation during surgery.
- Reducing insulin resistance: This is particularly important for glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Recommended foods during the liquid diet process:
- Yogurt, ayran, kefir
- Sugar-free protein supplements
- Blendrize soups
- Water, sugar-free herbal teas
Things to avoid: Sugary drinks, carbonated drinks, and foods high in flour and sugar should definitely not be consumed during this process.
Common Mistakes and Correct Practices Before Gastric Bypass Surgery
Mistake 1: Trying to eat excessively one last time before surgery
Correct: This behavior strains the stomach and can increase fatty liver. It is necessary to relax the stomach with a liquid diet.
Mistake 2: Not having vitamin and mineral levels checked
Correct: B12, iron, vitamin D, and folic acid levels must be evaluated before surgery. If there are any deficiencies, they must be supplemented.
Mistake 3: Insufficient water consumption
Correct: Consuming at least 1.5-2 liters of water per day before surgery supports the body’s hydration and keeps the metabolism balanced.
Psychological Preparation Before Bariatric Surgery: Introduction to Mental Change
Psychological preparation is as critical to the success of bariatric surgery as physical preparation. During this process, the individual must be prepared to change their lifestyle. Long-term results may be unsuccessful in individuals who are not psychologically prepared.
How should you prepare mentally?
- Set realistic expectations: Surgery is not a miracle solution; dietary habits must also change.
- Analyze eating behaviors: Behaviors such as emotional eating and night eating syndrome should be identified, and psychological support should be sought.
- Participate in support groups: Support groups formed through social media or clinics are beneficial in terms of motivation and information sharing.
Is family support important?
Yes. Family members play a major role in helping the individual adapt to their new diet, both emotionally and practically.
Who is bariatric surgery suitable for? What are the eligibility criteria?
Bariatric surgery is not suitable for everyone. Certain medical criteria must be met in order to determine whether you are a candidate for surgery.
Body Mass Index (BMI) criterion
- Individuals with a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m² are directly accepted as candidates.
- Individuals with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m² and serious health problems related to obesity, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and sleep apnea, may also be candidates.
- The age range of 18-65 is generally considered appropriate, but this age range may vary depending on special circumstances.
Medical evaluation
- An endocrinology and metabolism specialist evaluates the individual’s hormonal balance.
- Cooperation is provided with departments such as cardiology, psychiatry, and anesthesiology.
- Liver and stomach functions must be evaluated before surgery.
Social and psychological suitability
- Individuals with eating disorders (e.g., bulimia) may require psychological support first.
- Conditions such as substance abuse or active psychosis may preclude surgery.
Lifestyle Changes Before Surgery
Some behavioral changes that should be made before surgery include:
- Quitting smoking and alcohol: Smoking hinders wound healing, while alcohol increases calorie intake.
- Developing a habit of eating slowly: Chewing food thoroughly is essential during the postoperative period.
- Start an exercise routine: Even light walks stimulate metabolism and support weight loss.
Conclusion: The Pre-Bariatric Surgery Period is the Key to Success
Gastric sleeve and other types of gastric reduction surgery yield more successful results with proper preparation. A pre-surgery liquid diet, psychological support, lifestyle changes, and medical evaluations increase surgical safety and facilitate long-term weight control.
It is important to remember that bariatric surgery is a tool for a healthy life. To use this tool most effectively, the preoperative period must be carefully evaluated.
